1. Look for definitions and create a crossword with the following words: (p. 162-168)
Carolingian Minuscule: It’s a form of script, which consist of ascenders and descenders through two horizontal lines
Charlemagne: Son of Pepin the Short, he declared himself defender of Christianity
Carolingian Dynasty: A royal family
Earl: Where the ones who controlled the earldoms
Avars: Asian people that invaded Europe in the 6th century
Marches: areas near the borders set up for defense against external attacks.
Treaty of Verdun: Was the division of the empire into the three sons of a Frankish king
Hamlets: little colonies of people
Fidelity Bonds: all people swore fidelity to the king
Kingdom of León: was where the capital was moved
Fortress: military construction where armory and military force where stored
Mozarabics:
Pelayo:
Battle of Covadonga:
Kingdom of Navarra:
Sancho Garces I:
Sancho III the Great:
Noblemen:
2. What happened on Christmas day in 800? (p.162)
3. What influence did Charlemagne have on education? (p. 164)
4. What can you say about trade during the time of Pelayo? (p. 166)
5. What was his greatest achievement? (p. 166)
6. Comparing the Kingdom of León, the Kingdom of Navarra and Carolingian Empire what can you say about people's freedom ? (p. 164, 166, 168)
Questions:
1. In 768 Charles become the only ruler of the Franks. T/F
2. Charles and his brother ruled the Franks until Charles died. T/F
3. The Lombard Kingdom was located in the today Spain. T/F
4. In 774 Charles defeated the Lombard Kingdom and became King. T/F
5. Who became his greatest opponent after his victory over the Lombards?
6. What was the name of the leader ?
7. Why do you think people conquered new land ? Would you like to be conquered ?
How is it today ? Do people still conquer ? How was the last big conqueror of the world ?
Did he succeed ?
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8. Charlomagne finally won the battle, extending his Kingdom including parts of today's Germany. T/F
9. How did the best thinkers of his time get to his court ?
10. What else wanted Charlomagne ?
11. What happened in 800 AC ?
12. Many other emperors were crowned by the pope and Christianity became most impotant. T/F
